탄소중립-공정전환-젠더 넥서스 관점에서 여성 노동자 지원 프레임워크 도출 및 정책 비교 분석 연구
Formulation of a framework to support female workers and a comparative policy study from the perspective of carbon neutrality-just transition-gender equality nexus
오채운*† ․ 강민정**†
Oh, Chaewoon*† and Kang, Minjung**†
In long-term strategies seeking carbon neutrality (CN) in response to climate change, societies need to make the transition to a low-carbon economy. However, during this transitional process, some people, regions, and sectors can be adversely influenced and left behind. Thus, the concept of “just transition” (JT), which emphasizes a fair and inclusive approach for those who are marginalized by such transitions, has arisen. Marginalized groups are often segmented into women, indigenous people, racial groups, or immigrants for the purposes of targeted support. Specifically, gender equality has been considered in climate policies, particularly focusing on women. However, there is a lack of research and policies that consider women working directly or indirectly in the phase-out industry toward CN. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore whether and how the European Union (EU), the United States (US), and Canada consider working women in their JT policies for CN. As an analytical framework, this paper sets four policy elements required to achieve balance at the intersection of CN, JT, and gender equality. These four policy elements include: i) consideration of JT and gender (women) in national policies, ii) representation of women in decision-making processes, iii) consideration of gender (particularly working women) in redistribution policies in phase-out industry, and iv) consideration of gender (women) in opportunity access to new jobs in new industries. In analysis with these policy elements, it was found that gender is being considered in national policies, decision-making processes, and opportunity access to new jobs in new industries as part of JT policy, despite some differences among the EU, the US, and Canada. However, gender is not commonly considered in the redistribution policies in the phase-out industry. This result is compared with the Korean case. This paper concludes with policy implications for Korea’s gender consideration in JT policies for CN.
Carbon Neutrality, Just Transition, Gender Equality, Nexus, Female Workers, Women Workers, Phase-out Industry
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